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標題

Soil carbon sequestration and biochar as negative emission technologies

作者

Pete Smith

名稱(期刊/節目)

Global Change Biology

期刊期數/節目集數

Volume22, Issue3 Pages 1315-1324

出版單位

Wiley

出版年月日

2016/1/6

原文摘要

Despite 20 years of effort to curb emissions, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions grew faster during the 2000s than in the 1990s, which presents a major challenge for meeting the international goal of limiting warming to <2 °C relative to the preindustrial era. Most recent scenarios from integrated assessment models require large‐scale deployment of negative emissions technologies (NETs) to reach the 2 °C target. A recent analysis of NETs, including direct air capture, enhanced weathering, bioenergy with carbon capture and storage and afforestation/deforestation, showed that all NETs have significant limits to implementation, including economic cost, energy requirements, land use, and water use. In this paper, I assess the potential for negative emissions from soil carbon sequestration and biochar addition to land, and also the potential global impacts on land use, water, nutrients, albedo, energy and cost. Results indicate that soil carbon sequestration and biochar have useful negative emission potential (each 0.7 GtCeq. yr−1) and that they potentially have lower impact on land, water use, nutrients, albedo, energy requirement and cost, so have fewer disadvantages than many NETs. Limitations of soil carbon sequestration as a NET centre around issues of sink saturation and reversibility. Biochar could be implemented in combination with bioenergy with carbon capture and storage. Current integrated assessment models do not represent soil carbon sequestration or biochar. Given the negative emission potential of SCS and biochar and their potential advantages compared to other NETs, efforts should be made to include these options within IAMs, so that their potential can be explored further in comparison with other NETs for climate stabilization.

原文摘要簡述

儘管進行了20年的努力以抑制排放,但2000年代的溫室氣體(GHG)排放卻比1990年代的增長更快,這對於實現將升溫限制在相對於工業化前的2°C的國際目標提出了重大挑戰。綜合評估模型的最新場景要求大規模部署負排放技術(NET)才能達到2°C的目標。對NET的最新分析,包括直接的空氣捕獲、增強的耐候性、具有碳捕獲和存儲功能的生物能源以及造林/毀林,表明所有NET的實施都存在重大限制,包括經濟成本、能源需求、土地使用和用水。在本文中,吾人評估了土壤碳固存和向土地中添加生物炭帶來的負排放潛力,以及全球對土地利用、水、養分、反照率、能源和成本的潛在影響。

關鍵字

biochar, carbon, negative emission technology, sequestration, soil

連結

https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13178

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