| 知識類型 | 期刊 |
| 標題 | Emission Reduction of 1,3‐Dichloropropene by Soil Amendment with Biochar |
| 作者 | Qiuxia Wang, Liangang Mao, Dong Wang, Dongdong Yan, Taotao Ma, Pengfei Liu, Chenglei Zhang, Ruoqi Wang, Meixia Guo, Aocheng Cao |
| 名稱(期刊/節目) | Journal of Environmental Quality |
| 期刊期數/節目集數 | Volume 43, Issue 5, Pages 1656-1662 |
| 出版單位 | Wiley |
| 出版年月日 | 2014/9/1 |
| 原文摘要 | Soil fumigation is an important treatment in the production chain of fruit and vegetable crops, but fumigant emissions contribute to air pollution. Biochar as a soil amendment has shown the potential to reduce organic pollutants, including pesticides, in soils through adsorption and other physicochemical reactions. A laboratory column study was performed to determine the effects of soil applications of biochar for reducing emissions of the fumigant 1,3‐dichloropropene (1,3‐D). The experimental treatments comprised of unamended and amended with biochar at doses of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5% (w/w) in the top 5 cm soil layer. The unamended treatment resulted in the highest emission peak flux at 48 to 66 μg m−2 s−1. Among the biochar amendment treatments, the highest peak flux (0.83 μg m−2 s−1) was found in the biochar 0.5% treatment. The total emission loss was 35.7 to 40.2% of applied for the unamended treatment and <0.1 to 2.9% for the biochar‐amendment treatments. A germination bioassay with cucumber seeds showed that ≥7 d of aeration would be needed to avoid phytotoxicity before replanting in biochar‐containing fumigated soil. The results indicate that treatments with 0.5% or more biochar amendment reduced emission peak flux by >99.8% and showed total 1,3‐D emission loss by >92% compared with that without biochar. The amendment of surface soil with biochar shows a great potential for reducing fumigant emissions. |
| 原文摘要簡述 | 土壤薰蒸是水果和蔬菜作物生產鏈中的重要處理方法，但是薰蒸劑的排放會造成空氣污染。生物炭作為土壤改良劑已顯示出通過吸附和其他物理化學反應減少土壤中有機污染物的潛力，包括農藥。在此進行了實驗室專欄研究，以確定在土壤中施用生物炭對減少薰蒸劑1,3-二氯丙烯(1,3-D)排放的影響。實驗處理包括在表層5 cm的土壤層中以0、0.5、1、2和5%(w / w)的劑量對生物炭進行未經改良和改良的處理。未經改良的處理結果反應出最高的峰值通量在48至66μgm-2 s-1。生物炭改良處理中，在0.5%的生物炭處理中發現最高峰值通量(0.83μgm-2 s-1)。總排放量損失為未經改良處理的為35.7%至40.2%，而經生物炭改良處理的為<0.1至2.9%。用黃瓜種子進行的發芽生物測定顯示，在含生物炭的薰蒸土壤中重新種植之前需要通氣≥7天，以避免藥害。結果顯示，與不使用生物炭的部分相比，使用0.5%或更多生物炭改良的處理可使排放峰值通量減少> 99.8%，並顯示總1,3-D排放損失> 92%。用生物炭對表層土壤進行改良顯示出減少薰蒸劑排放的巨大潛力。 |
| 關鍵字 | soil fumigation, biochar, soil amendment, emission peak flux, phytotoxicity |
| 連結 | https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2014.02.0075 |