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Biochar Field Study: Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Productivity, and Nutrients in Two Soils

作者

Alexandra Keith, Balwant Singh, Feike A. Dijkstra, Floris van Ogtrop

名稱(期刊/節目)

Agronomy Journal

期刊期數/節目集數

Volume 108, Issue 5, Pages 1805-1815

出版單位

Wiley

出版年月日

2016/9/1

原文摘要

Application of biochar to soil has potential to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, store C for long‐term and provide agronomic benefits. However, the extent of these benefits are dependent on the type of biochar used and the environmental system in which it has been placed. While there are a large number of laboratory and glasshouse experiments, the number of biochar field studies is still limited. We conducted a 2‐yr field study to evaluate the effect of a wood‐based (blue mallee; Eucalyptus polybractea ) biochar on GHG fluxes, pasture biomass, soil nutrient leaching, and nutrient uptake under different fertilizer rates in two soils (Arenosol and Cambisol) under a perennial pasture. Three rates of biochar were used in full factorial combination with 50 and 100% of the recommended fertilizer rate. Greenhouse gas fluxes (CO2, CH4, and N2O) were measured using static gas chambers on a monthly basis during the first year, then a bimonthly basis during the second year. Pasture biomass, nutrient uptake, and soil solution chemistry were determined on a regular basis over the 2‐yr period. The biochar induced no or minimal effects on GHG fluxes, pasture biomass, nutrient uptake or soil solution chemistry. In most instances, the significant differences between treatments were due to soil type. Fertilizer significantly increased pasture biomass for the first 8 mo, but thereafter there was no effect. There were also no adverse effects from the biochar. This biochar would be most suitable for enhancing soil C storage, as opposed to improving grassland production.

原文摘要簡述

添加生物炭至土壤中具有減少溫室氣體(GHG)排放、長期碳儲存和提供農事效益的潛能。然而,這些效益發揮的程度取決於所使用的生物炭的類型以及生物炭的被放置的整體環境。儘管生物炭有大量的實驗室和溫室實驗,但生物炭田間研究的數量仍然有限。我們進行為期2年在多年生牧場上的田間研究。在不同肥料配比下,木質生物炭(藍桉樹又名為多苞葉尤加利)在溫室氣體流量、牧草生物質量、土壤養分淋溶和養分吸收等方面,來評估木質生物炭對兩種土壤(紅砂土和變遷土)的影響。將生物炭以50%、75%和100%的三種比率與最佳施肥率完全結合使用。在第一年中,每月使用靜態氣室測量溫室氣體流量(CO2,CH4和N2O),然後在第二年中每兩個月測量一次。在這兩年間,定期檢測牧場的生物質量、養分吸收和土壤淋溶作用。生物炭對溫室氣體流量、牧場生物質量、養分吸收或土壤淋溶作用沒有影響或影響很小。在大多數情況下,生物炭對於土壤處理之間產生顯著差異歸因於施用生物炭的土壤類型。施用生物炭混和肥料在最初的八個月顯著增加了牧場生物質量,此後再施用就沒有任何明顯效果。生物炭的施用對土壤也沒有造成不利影響。與提高草地產量相反,這種木質生物炭最適合用於提高土壤碳的儲存量(碳匯量)。

關鍵字

greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, Arenosol, Cambisol, GHG fluxes, pasture biomass, soil nutrient leaching, nutrient uptake, soil C storage

連結

https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2016.02.0074

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