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Biochar: The science behind the hype

作者

Illinois Sustainable Technology Center

出版單位

Illinois Sustainable Technology Center

出版年月日

2013/8/27

原文摘要

Presented by Dr. Kurt Spokas - USDA-ARS Soil Scientist April 5, 2013 Biochar (a form of black carbon) has been recently heralded as an amendment to revitalize worn-out/weathered soils, increase soil C sequestration, enhance agronomic productivity, and enter into future carbon trading markets. Soil application has been the assumed target for biochar. Biochar has been shown to occasionally cause immense benefits to both crop yields and soil fertility when added to degraded/weathered soils, but simultaneously has a documented history of negative to negligible agronomic impacts. Past research, as far back as the 1800’s, has demonstrated that biochar has variable properties, which spans the full spectrum of black carbon residuals. Thus, suggesting that biochar is not a panacea for all soils. The mechanisms behind these biochar impacts are complex with multiple potential hypotheses. This presentation will summarize on-going research into the mechanisms behind the mitigation potential for N2O emissions and the role of biochar in improving water quality through nitrate and agrochemical sorption/reactions. With population expansion and the finite area of tillable ground, improving nonproductive soils with biochar could be a vital key to future global food production, food security, and energy supplies.

原文摘要簡述

Kurt Spokas博士 - USDA-ARS土壤科學家 2013年4月5日 生物炭(一種黑碳)最近被宣佈為振興破舊/風化土壤,增加土壤固碳,提高農業生產力,進入未來碳交易市場的修正案。土壤的應用一直是生物炭的假設目標。生物炭已被證明偶爾會給作物產量和土壤肥力帶來巨大的好處,當加入到退化/風化的土壤時,但同時有一個負面的,忽略不計的農學影響的歷史記錄。過去的研究早在1800年就已經證明,生物炭具有不同的性質,跨越了黑碳殘留的全部範圍。因此,暗示生物炭不是所有土壤的靈丹妙藥。這些生物炭影響背後的機制是複雜的,有很多潛在的假設。本報告將總結對N2O排放緩解潛力機制和生物炭通過硝酸鹽和農用化學品吸附/反應改善水質的作用的研究。隨著人口膨脹和有限的耕地面積,用生物炭改善非生產性土壤可能是未來全球糧食生產,糧食安全和能源供應的關鍵。

關鍵字

土壤、碳匯、N2O、糧食安全、能源供應

連結

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XQxthabe_OU

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