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標題

Biochar as a tool to reduce the agricultural greenhouse-gas burden – knowns, unknowns and future research needs

作者

Claudia Kammann, Jim Ippolito, Nikolas Hagemann, Nils Borchard, Maria Luz Cayuela, José M. Estavillo, Teresa Fuertes-Mendizabal, Simon Jeffery, Jürgen Kern, Jeff Novak, Daniel Rasse, Sanna Saarnio, Hans-Peter Schmidt, Kurt Spokas & Nicole Wrage-Mönnig

名稱(期刊/節目)

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management

期刊期數/節目集數

25:2, 114-139

出版單位

Taylor&Francis Group

出版年月日

2017/6/28

原文摘要

Agriculture and land use change has significantly increased atmospheric emissions of the non-CO2 green-house gases (GHG) nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4). Since human nutritional and bioenergy needs continue to increase, at a shrinking global land area for production, novel land management strategies are required that reduce the GHG footprint per unit of yield. Here we review the potential of biochar to reduce N2O and CH4 emissions from agricultural practices including potential mechanisms behind observed effects. Furthermore, we investigate alternative uses of biochar in agricultural land management that may significantly reduce the GHG-emissions-per-unit-of-product footprint, such as (i) pyrolysis of manures as hygienic alternative to direct soil application, (ii) using biochar as fertilizer carrier matrix for underfoot fertilization, biochar use (iii) as composting additive or (iv) as feed additive in animal husbandry or for manure treatment. We conclude that the largest future research needs lay in conducting life-cycle GHG assessments when using biochar as an on-farm management tool for nutrient-rich biomass waste streams.

原文摘要簡述

農業和土地用途的變化顯著增加了非二氧化碳溫室氣體(GHG)氧化亞氮(N2O)和甲烷(CH4)的大氣排放。由於人類營養和生物能源需求持續增長,在全球生產用地萎縮的情況下,需要採用新穎的土地管理策略來減少單位產量的溫室氣體足跡。在這裡,我們回顧了生物炭減少農業實作中N2O和CH4排放的潛力,包括觀察到的影響背後的潛在機制。此外,我們研究了生物炭在農業土地管理中的替代用途,它可能會大大減少單位產品溫室氣體的排放量,例如(i)糞便熱解作為直接施用土壤的衛生替代品,(ii)使用生物炭作為腳下施肥的肥料載體基質,生物炭用作(iii)堆肥添加劑或(iv)用作畜牧業或糞便處理的飼料添加劑。我們得出結論,當生物炭用作富含營養的生物質廢物流的農場管理工具時,未來最大的研究需求在於進行生命週期溫室氣體評估。

關鍵字

biochar, greenhouse gases (GHG), nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), soil aeration, nitrate, soil N transformations, GHG intensity

連結

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3846/16486897.2017.1319375

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