| 原文摘要 | This summary chapter highlights the advances achieved in biochar research and the existing barriers to biochar application. Substantial research over the past decade on biochar production, characterization, and utilization indicates that biochar is a promising agricultural and environmental amendment for improving soil functions, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, mitigating contamination, and enhancing animal health. Biochar can be readily produced by thermal treatment of nearly all biomass materials. The quality of biochar, however, varies with the feedstock type, carbonization conditions, and post‐treatment handling. The beneficial effects of biochar amendment may fluctuate, depending on the soil needs, the biochar quality, application rate, the site conditions, and time following application. Biochar application is currently in its infancy, with the main barriers identified as the gap between research and application, immaturity of economical production technologies, lack of application‐specific quality standards and management programs, inadequate policy and financial support, and low awareness among end users. |