| 原文摘要 | This chapter is to communicate the current science and practical application of using biochar to reduce the negative environmental impacts and reclaim the ecological functions of mining‐affected lands, especially abandoned or orphaned mines. The unique challenges associated with rehabilitating mining‐affected lands and how biochar can be used as a tool for mine land remediation is discussed. Key findings from the growing body of literature surrounding the use of biochar for environmental management are reviewed and preliminary data from several field trials of abandoned mine land (AML) reclamation through biochar application are presented. In general, biochar, if applied appropriately, serves as an efficient soil conditioner for reducing sediment erosion, improving water conservation and water quality, and facilitating vegetation establishment at abandoned and active mine sites. To achieve most desirable remediation effects, nutrient‐rich biochars, such as those derived from animal manures, capable of providing immediate and long‐term fertility for supporting plant growth are highlighted. More research embedded with field trials is necessary to develop best biochar amendment practices for AML reclamation. Questions related to biochar material characteristics, performance in field applications, and large‐scale production or commercial availability have to be addressed. The main barrier to practical application of biochar in AML reclamation is the high production cost of the amendment. Providing the cost competitiveness, biochar would substitute for other materials or be at least used in conjunction with traditional soil quality enhancers in AML reclamation. Though many hurdles exist, the widespread use of biochar for mine lands reclamation is envisioned. |