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標題

Biochar and Nitrogen Fertilizer Alters Soil Nitrogen Dynamics and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes from Two Temperate Soils

作者

Jiyong Zheng, Catherine E. Stewart, M. Francesca Cotrufo

名稱(期刊/節目)

Journal of Environmental Quality

期刊期數/節目集數

Volume 41, Issue 5 Pages 1361-1370

出版單位

Wiley

出版年月日

2012/9/1

原文摘要

Biochar (BC) application to agricultural soils could potentially sequester recalcitrant C, increase N retention, increase water holding capacity, and decrease greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Biochar addition to soils can alter soil N cycling and in some cases decrease extractable mineral N (NO3− and NH4+) and N2O emissions. These benefits are not uniformly observed across varying soil types, N fertilization, and BC properties. To determine the effects of BC addition on N retention and GHG flux, we added two sizes (>250 and <250 µm) of oak‐derived BC (10% w/w) to two soils (aridic Argiustoll and aquic Haplustoll) with and without N fertilizer and measured extractable NO3− and NH4+ and GHG efflux (N2O, CO2, and CH4) in a 123‐d laboratory incubation. Biochar had no effect on NO3−, NH4+, or N2O in the unfertilized treatments of either soil. Biochar decreased cumulative extractable NO3− in N fertilized treatments by 8% but had mixed effects on NH4+. Greenhouse gas efflux differed substantially between the two soils, but generally with N fertilizer BC addition decreased N2O 3 to 60%, increased CO2 10 to 21%, and increased CH4 emissions 5 to 72%. Soil pH and total treatment N (soil + fertilizer + BC) predicted soil N2O flux well across these two different soils. Expressed as CO2 equivalents, BC significantly reduced GHG emissions only in the N‐fertilized silt loam by decreasing N2O flux. In unfertilized soils, CO2 was the dominant GHG component, and the direction of the flux was mediated by positive or negative BC effects on soil CO2 flux. On the basis of our data, the use of BC appears to be an effective management strategy to reduce N leaching and GHG emissions, particularly in neutral to acidic soils with high N content.

原文摘要簡述

生物炭(BC)在農業土壤中之應用有可能隔離頑固性碳,增加氮的保留、保水能力,並減少溫室氣體(GHG)的排放。生物炭添加於土壤中可以改變土壤氮的循環,在某些情況下可以減少可萃取礦物質氮(NO3-和NH4 +)和N2O的排放。這些效益非均勻地在不同類型的土壤、氮肥及生物炭特性中觀察到。為了確定生物炭添加對氮的保留和溫室氣體通量的影響,我們將兩種尺寸(> 250和<250 µm)的橡樹衍生生物炭(10%w / w)添加到兩種土壤(乾旱黏化乾軟土和濕弱發育半乾潤軟土)中,在123天的實驗室溫育條件下,有/無施用氮肥並量測可萃取的NO3-和NH4 +和溫室氣體流出量(N2O,CO2和CH4)。

關鍵字

Biochar; greenhouse gas; aridic Argiustoll; aquic Haplustoll

連結

https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2012.0019

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