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期刊

標題

Biochar Impacts on Crop Productivity and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from an Andosol

作者

Nobuhisa Koga, Seiji Shimoda, Yukiyoshi Iwata

名稱(期刊/節目)

Journal of Environmental Quality

期刊期數/節目集數

Volume 46, Issue 1, Pages 27-35

出版單位

Wiley

出版年月日

2017/1/1

原文摘要

To assess the impacts of biochar application on crop productivity and global warming mitigation, a 4‐yr field experiment was conducted in a well‐drained Andosol in northern Japan. Wood residue–derived biochar (pyrolyzed at >800°C) was applied at rates of 0, 10, 20, and 40 Mg ha−1 for potatoes, winter wheat, sugar beet, and soybeans cultivated in rotation, and CO2, N2O, and CH4 emissions from the soil and yield and quality of the harvested materials were measured. Biochar application, regardless of rate, had no significant impact on yield and quality of the harvested materials, except for soybean grain yield. It also had no effect on cumulative CO2, N2O, and CH4 emissions from the soil. Andosols are inherently highly porous, and biochar application increased soil porosity only at the highest amendment level. The small changes in soil properties and the recalcitrance of the biochar's C components probably account for the unchanged soil‐associated greenhouse gas emissions and the minimal impact on crop yield and quality. Because soil CO2 emission was not increased, the net ecosystem C budget during the study period increased with the rate of biochar application from −3.55 ± 0.19 Mg C ha−1 without biochar application to 4.89 ± 0.46, 13.4 ± 0.3, and 29.9 ± 0.4 Mg C ha−1 at application rates of 10, 20, and 40 Mg ha−1, respectively; therefore, application of wood residue–derived biochar to an Andosol has great potential for mitigating global warming through enhanced soil C sequestration without sacrificing crop productivity.

原文摘要簡述

為了評估生物炭施用對作物生產力和緩解全球暖化的影響,在日本北部排水良好的火山灰土中進行了為期4年的田間試驗。將由木材廢料製成的生物炭(在> 800°C的溫度下進行熱解)以0、10、20和40 Mg ha-1的比例施用於輪作栽培的馬鈴薯、冬小麥、甜菜和大豆,並測量了土壤中的CO2、N2O和CH4排放量以及收穫材料的產量和品質。生物炭的施用,無論其比例如何,除大豆籽粒產量外,對收穫物質的產量和品質均無顯著影響。其對於土壤中累積的CO2、N2O和CH4排放亦無影響。火山灰土本身具有高度的多孔性,而生物炭的施用僅在最高改良程度下才增加土壤孔隙度。土壤特性的微小變化和生物炭碳構成要素的頑固性可能為與土壤相關的溫室氣體排放量未發生變化以及對作物產量和品質影響最小的原因。由於土壤CO2排放沒有增加,因此研究期間的淨生態系碳預算隨著生物炭施用量的增加而從-3.55±0.19 Mg C ha-1(無需生物炭施用)至4.89±0.46,以及分別在10、20和40 Mg ha-1的施用量下為29.9±0.4 Mg C ha-1;因此,將木材廢料製成的生物炭應用於火山灰土具有巨大的潛力,可透過提高土壤固碳能力來緩解全球暖化而又不影響作物的生產力。

關鍵字

Andosol, wood residue–derived biochar, net ecosystem C budget, C sequestration

連結

https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2016.04.0156

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