| 知識類型 | 期刊 |
| 標題 | Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics in Two Agricultural Soils Amended with Manure‐Derived Biochar |
| 作者 | Mahalia Clark, Meredith G. Hastings, Rebecca Ryals |
| 名稱(期刊/節目) | Journal of Environmental Quality |
| 期刊期數/節目集數 | Volume 48, Issue 3, Pages 727-734 |
| 出版單位 | Wiley |
| 出版年月日 | 2019/5/1 |
| 原文摘要 | Biochar has been promoted as a means to sequester C and improve soil quality. Biochar produced from agricultural waste streams and recycled as a soil amendment also provides a strategy for improved nutrient management in agricultural systems. The effects of biochar amendment on soil C and N cycling remain poorly constrained. This study aimed to examine the effects of biochar on soil C and N storage, N mineralization, and soil physiochemical properties. Soils were collected from a field experiment in which biochar derived from poultry manure was applied for 2 yr in two croplands differing in soil texture (sandy and silt‐loam). Samples from biochar‐amended and control soils were physically fractionated to separate water‐stable soil aggregates and analyzed for C and N. Biochar amendments increased total soil C by 16 (sandy soil) and 30% (silt‐loam soil). These increases were observed in aggregate size classes associated with short‐term C and N storage in silt‐loam soils and intermediate‐term C and N storage in sandy soils. Net N mineralization rates observed in a short‐term incubation were small or negative (1.79 and −24.7 μg N g−1 soil for sandy and silt‐loam soils, respectively), indicating little or no new N mineralization from biochar over short timescales. Biochar amendment had a positive impact on cation exchange capacity at both sites, increasing it by 7 and 11% in the silt‐loam soil and sandy soil, respectively. These results suggest that biochar amendments to cropping systems can improve the capacity of soil to retain nutrients and store C and N. |
| 原文摘要簡述 | 生物炭已被推廣為吸存碳和改善土壤品質的一種手段。由農業廢物流製成並回收作為土壤改良劑的生物炭還提供了改善農業系統養分管理的策略。生物炭改良劑對土壤碳和氮循環的影響仍受到限制。本研究旨在研究生物炭對土壤碳與氮儲存、氮礦質化和土壤理化特性的影響。從田間試驗中收集的土壤，係在兩塊不同土壤質地(沙質土和粉壤土)的農田中以家禽糞便製成的生物炭施用2年的土壤。對經過生物炭改良和對照的土壤樣品進行物理分級，以分離出耐水性土壤團粒，並分析其碳和氮。生物炭改良劑使土壤總碳分別增加了16%(沙質土)和30%(粉壤土)。這些增加在粉沙壤土中短期碳和氮的儲存以及沙質土壤中中期碳和氮的儲存相關的總粒度分級中觀測到。在短期培育中觀察到的淨氮礦化率很小或為負值(沙質土和粉壤土分別為1.79和-24.7μgN g-1土壤)，顯示了在短時間內很少甚或沒有生物炭產生新的氮礦化。生物炭改良劑對這兩個地點的陽離子交換能力都有正向影響，在粉壤土和沙質土壤中分別提高了7%和11%。這些結果表示，對作物系統進行生物炭改良可以提高土壤保留養分並儲存碳和氮的能力。 |
| 關鍵字 | biochar, sequester C, poultry manure, soil amendment |
| 連結 | https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.10.0384 |