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Use and Impact of Biochar and Charcoal in Animal Production Systems

作者

John D. Toth, Zhengxia Dou

名稱(期刊/節目)

Agricultural and Environmental Applications of Biochar: Advances and Barriers

期刊期數/節目集數

Volume 63, Pages 199-224

出版單位

Wiley

出版年月日

2015/10/29

原文摘要

Biochar, charcoal, and activated charcoal are terms used for compounds created from pyrolysis of a variety of organic feedstocks. Biochars and charcoals are being used in the agroecosystem for a range of environmental benefits, including carbon sequestration, mitigation of global climate change, and enhancement of soil quality and crop productivity. In this chapter, we review the current literature on the use of charcoal products in food animal production as dietary additives (feed supplements). We group relevant studies into three topic areas based on the impacts reported: (i) animal performance, (ii) binding toxic substances and controlling pathogens, and (iii) reducing methane production. The vast majority of the studies demonstrated at least some efficacy for charcoal to improve measured parameters, including increases in weight gain, feed intake, and digestibility; improvement in carcass characteristics, meat, and egg quality; enhanced immune system function; detoxification of toxins from feed and forage sources and organic chemicals; reduction in antibiotic residues and pathogens, as well as some effect on reducing enteric methane emissions. Apparently, potential benefits of charcoal use in animal production systems are broad and multidimensional. Despite the rapidly increasing number of studies devoted to these topics in recent years, research on charcoal use in animal production systems is still largely empirical. Few reports have delved deeply into examining relevant mechanisms, and there remains a knowledge gap in how charcoal treatments bring about the observed effects.

原文摘要簡述

生物炭、木炭和活性炭是用於各種有機原料熱解生成的化合物的術語。農業生態系統正在使用生物炭和木炭帶來一系列環境效益,包括碳吸存、緩解全球氣候變化以及提高土壤質量和作物生產力。在本章中,我們回顧了有關食用動物生產中使用木炭產品作為膳食添加劑(飼料補充劑)的最新文獻。我們根據報告的影響將相關研究分為三個主題領域:(i)動物表現,(ii)結合有毒物質和控制病原體以及(iii)減少甲烷產生。

關鍵字

animal performance; animal production system; biochar use; charcoal use; detoxification; methane production; pathogen control

連結

https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaspecpub63.2014.0043.5

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