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期刊

標題

Using poultry litter biochars as soil amendments

作者

K. Y. Chan, L. Van Zwieten , I. Meszaros , A. Downie and S. Joseph

名稱(期刊/節目)

Australian Journal of Soil Research

期刊期數/節目集數

46(5)

出版單位

CSIRO PUBLISHING

出版年月日

2008/8/5

原文摘要

Despite the recent interest in biochars as soil amendments for improving soil quality and increasing soil carbon sequestration, there is inadequate knowledge on the soil amendment properties of these materials produced from different feed stocks and under different pyrolysis conditions. This is particularly true for biochars produced from animal origins. Two biochars produced from poultry litter under different conditions were tested in a pot trial by assessing the yield of radish (Raphanus sativus var. Long Scarlet) as well as the soil quality of a hardsetting Chromosol (Alfisol). Four rates of biochar (0, 10, 25, and 50 t/ha), with and without nitrogen application (100 kg N/ha) were investigated. Both biochars, without N fertiliser, produced similar increases in dry matter yield of radish, which were detectable at the lowest application rate, 10 t/ha. The yield increase (%), compared with the unamended control rose from 42% at 10 t/ha to 96% at 50 t/ha of biochar application. The yield increases can be attributed largely to the ability of these biochars to increase N availability. Significant additional yield increases, in excess of that due to N fertiliser alone, were observed when N fertiliser was applied together with the biochars, highlighting the other beneficial effects of these biochars. In this regard, the non activated poultry litter biochar produced at lower temperature (450°C) was more effective than the activated biochar produced at higher temperature (550°C), probably due to higher available P content. Biochar addition to the hardsetting soil resulted in significant but different changes in soil chemical and physical properties, including increases in C, N, pH, and available P, but reduction in soil strength. These different effects of the 2 different biochars can be related to their different characteristics. Significantly different changes in soil biology in terms of microbial biomass and earthworm preference properties were also observed between the 2 biochars, but the underlying mechanisms require further research. Our research highlights the importance of feedstock and process conditions during pyrolysis on the properties and, hence, soil amendment values of biochars.

原文摘要簡述

儘管近來有意將生物炭作為土壤改良劑,以改善土壤品質和增加土壤碳吸存,但是對於由不同的原料和在不同的熱解條件下生產的這些材料的土壤改良劑特性的知識不足。對於源自動物的生物炭尤其如此。在盆栽試驗中,通過評估蘿蔔(Raphanus sativus var. Long Scarlet)的產量以及硬質磚紅壤(淋溶土)的土壤品質,對在不同條件下從家禽墊料中產生的兩種生物炭進行測試。在此研究了有無施用氮(100 kg N/ha)的四種生物炭比率(0、10、25和50 t/ha)。

關鍵字

hardsetting soil, char, soil carbon sequestration, earthworms, microbial biomass, poultry manure, pyrolysis.

連結

http://www.publish.csiro.au/sr/SR08036

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