知識服務系統 什麼是生物炭

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知識類型

科普文章

標題

Black is the new green

作者

Emma Marris

名稱(期刊/節目)

News Feature

期刊期數/節目集數

Volume 442, pages624–626

出版單位

Nature

出版年月日

2006/8/10

原文摘要

One way to keep carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere is to put it back in the ground. In the first of two News Features on carbon sequestration, Quirin Schiermeier asked when the world's coal-fired power plants will start storing away their carbon that an accident happened. In the second, Emma Marris joins the enthusiasts who think that enriching Earth's soils with charcoal can help avert global warming, reduce the need for fertilizers, and greatly increase the size of turnips. Everyone agrees that the explanation lies in large part with the char (or biochar) that gives the soil its darkness. This char is made when organic matter smoulders in an oxygen-poor environment, rather than burns. The particles of char produced this way are somehow able to gather up nutrients and water that might otherwise be washed down below the reach of roots. They become homes for populations of microorganisms that turn the soil into that spongy, fragrant, dark material that gardeners everywhere love to plunge their hands into. The char is not the only good stuff in terra preta — additions such as excrement and bone probably play a role too — but it is the most important factor.

原文摘要簡述

要使二氧化碳遠離大氣層的方法之一,就是將其返回於地下。在關於固碳的新聞特刊中,Quirin Schiermeier提出世界上的燃煤發電廠在一場意外收穫的發生後開始儲存燃燒後的炭由來。再者,Emma Marris成為認同那些木炭能增加地球土壤豐富度並可避免全球暖化,減少肥料使用及明顯增加作物大小的一員的原因。 每個人都認同Terra preta中這種讓土壤變黑的炭(生物炭),是造成土壤肥沃的主要原因。當有機物在限氧的環境下悶燒,即會產生這種炭,其炭顆粒能夠以某種形式聚集水分及養分,否則,這些物質將隨著雨水沖刷至植物的根部以下。它們聚集的地方成為微生物群落的家園,微生物將土壤成為濕軟的、芳香的深色物質,各地的園丁都很願意將他們的手伸入這樣的土壤中。這種炭(生物炭)並不是Terra preta中唯一有益的物質,動物的排泄物及骨頭也可扮演土壤改良的角色,但炭(生物炭)卻是其中最重要的因素。

關鍵字

carbon sequestration, charcoal, Amazon, terra preta

連結

https://rdcu.be/b3QVg

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更新日期2024.11.05