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Biochar and Animal Manure Impact on Soil, Crop Yield and Quality

作者

George F. Antonious

名稱(期刊/節目)

Agricultural Waste and Residues

期刊期數/節目集數

CHAPTER 4 P.45-67

出版單位

IntechOpen Limited

出版年月日

2018/08/29

原文摘要

Four low-cost organic soil amendments (chicken manure, CM; horse manure, HM; yard water, YW; and sewage sludge, SS) that are generated daily in large amounts, and native bare soil were planted with tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. Mountain spring) seedlings of 52 days old in raised black plastic-mulch. Each of the 5 treatments was also mixed with biochar to make a total of 10 treatments in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Results revealed that total fresh weight of tomato fruits collected after three harvests from CM and CM mixed with biochar significantly (P < 0.05) increased, whereas yield obtained from HM was the lowest indicating a positive effect of CM on the growth and yield of tomato. HM increased soil urease activity, while CM and SS increased soil invertase activity. Total marketable tomato yield of biochar amended soils was increased by 63 and 20% in HM and YW treatments, respectively compared to other soil treatments. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) was greatest in fruits of plants grown in CM amended soil. Results of this investigation may help limited-resource farmers in selecting an affordable soil management practice to enhance crop yield, crop nutritional composition, and soil microbial activity.

原文摘要簡述

以隨機完整區塊將四種的低成本的有機土壤改良劑【雞糞(CM);馬糞(HM);庭院廢水(YW);下水道污泥(SS)】混合生物炭,並分為【雞糞(CM)混合生物炭】、【馬糞(HM)混合生物炭】、【庭院廢水(YW)混合生物炭】、【下水道污泥(SS) 混合生物炭】、【僅有生物炭】五種實驗組,與【雞糞(CM)】、【馬糞(HM)】、【庭院廢水(YW)】、【下水道污泥(SS)】、【無】五種對照組,共十組以隨機完整區塊種植於原生裸土黑色的塑料地膜52天的番茄,觀察其生長過程。 結果顯示,施以【雞糞(CM)混合生物炭】比【雞糞(CM)】產量多出三倍,番茄果實鮮重顯著增加(P <0.05),而【馬糞(HM)】產量最低,表示【雞糞(CM)】對番茄的生長和產量具有正面積極的作用。【馬糞(HM)】增加土壤脲酶活性,而【雞糞(CM)】和【下水道污泥(SS)】增加土壤轉化酶活性。與對照組相比,【馬糞(HM)】和【庭院廢水(YW)】有機土壤改良劑混合生物炭使番茄總產量分別增加了63%和20%。在施用【雞糞(CM)】改良後的土壤植物果實中抗壞血酸(維生素C)含量最高。這項實驗結果有助於資源有限的農民選擇負擔得起的土壤管理方法,以提高作物產量,作物營養成分和土壤微生物活性。

關鍵字

low cost fertilizer、soil amendments、sewage sludge、chicken manure、horse manure、total phenols、vitamin C、soluble sugars

連結

https://reurl.cc/31KpG0

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